The Relevance of Base Catalysis in Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution to C-X Bond Cleavage.

On the frontier between nucleophilic aromatic substitution and catalysis.

A study on the arylation of heteroatom nucleophiles by using activated haloarenes, with or without metal catalysts, is reported. A discussion concerning the involvement of traces of metals is presented, supported by an unexpected ''ligand'' effect in the absence of added metal catalysts. We believe that the frontier between nucleophilic aromatic substitution and catalysis will likely prove to b...

Modern Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution

surveying the relevance of proportions to the content of quran verses

چکیده : قرآن چشمه سار زلال هدایتی است که از سوی خداوند حکیم نازل شده تا بشر را به سر منزل کمال برساند. و در این راستا از شیوه های گوناگون بیانی خطابی و بلاغی استفاده کرده تا با فطرت زیبا طلب انسان درآمیزد و اورا مقهور خویش ساخته، به سوی کمالات سوق دهد.ازجمله جنبه های بارز اعجاز بیانی قرآن وجود فواصل در پایان آیات است که کار برد سجع و قافیه در کلام بشر شبیه آن است. برخی ازعلمای سلف تفاوت هایی ب...

Microwave-assisted N-Arylation of Indoles via C(sp2)–N(sp2) Bond Formation by Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions

The N-arylindole subunit is an important species in many biologically active and pharmaceutically important compounds, which display antiestrogen [1], analgesic [2], antiallergy [3], antimicrobial [4], and neuroleptic activity [5]. Although the traditional coppercatalyzed coupling of an aryl halide with a heteroatombased nucleophile, the Ullmann-type coupling reaction, has remained a standard m...

Synthesis of polynitroxides based on nucleophilic aromatic substitution.

The scope and limitations of the synthesis of polynitroxides by nucleophilic substitution of electron-deficient fluorinated aromatic compounds are described. The method provides a facile route to the formation of polynitroxides exhibiting strong electron exchange between nitroxide groups.